Thursday, October 31, 2019
Training and development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Training and development - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the Human Resource Development process has become an essential component of organizational ascent in the present diverse as well as the global scenario. New skills and learning ability need to be inculcated by the senior HRD managers in their staff in order to achieve success. They need to ensure a continuous and ongoing learning process for the staff to avoid stagnation and rigid ideas. The process itself needs to be applied in a phased manner. The HRD managers should be able to establish a working relationship with the staff and they should possess skills and capabilities to train, coordinate and identify problems faced by the employees in terms of changed scenarios like diversity, global competition, and necessary new skills. They should be able to identify both external and internal factors influencing employee behavior. They should be able to influence employees by leadership qualities and noncoercive methods of persuasion. They s hould use both personal outcomes and organizational outcomes as a motivating factor for the employees. The trainee characteristics and their trainability need to be evaluated and decisions made accordingly. The lack of participation in the training and development programs can be both due to extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The external factors which might have contributed could be the job environment and prospects prevalent in the country in the immediate future, financial strength of the students or fear of enormity/comprehension of the courses offered.
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
MicroL4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
MicroL4 - Essay Example Higher education has proved to be beneficial in voting matters also. Education is an asset. It has provided benefits like self awareness, ability to think wisely and critically, having the ability to meet different people, which are less tangible and will help a child to grow up being a better individual. However, there are certain costs that have to be incurred for going to college. The opportunity costs of going to college include several components. First, the opportunity cost of one going to college includes the money that he or she would have earned instead of attending classes. It also includes the amount of wages that were foregone by not doing work and just attending college. In opting for going to college, one has also lost the opportunity to build up a career and the associated income that could be earned instead of not going to college. The greatest opportunity cost of going to college is the wage income that the individual has to forgone for attending classes. 2. The marg in is considered to be a very significant concept in the area of business and economics. In economics the concept of margin is related to a wide range of topics including utility, revenue, costs, profit, product, etc. We are quite familiar with the terms of marginal utility, marginal revenue, marginal costs, marginal profit, marginal product and so on. The term margin mainly stands for the difference in the value of a variable when one additional unit of some other variable is used. For example, marginal utility of a product refers to the increase or decrease in total utility of an individual due to one unit increase in the consumption of the product. The concept of margin is very essential in economic decision making. The level of p of goods, the level of production of goods, etc are always determined by considering marginal requirement. For example, a firm is a profit maximizer in the sense it will always produce a commodity in such a way that its profit is maximized. In a perfect ly competitive market, the firm will maximize its profit when marginal costs will b equal to its marginal revenue. The firm will continue to increase its production until marginal revenue becomes equal to its marginal cost. The point of equality is considered to be the equilibrium point of the firm. Thus the concept of margin is very important in economic decision making. Without the consideration of margin requirement it is not possible to conduct economic activities in optimum ways. However, it is not always necessary that all kinds of economic decisions are taken using the marginal concept only. For example, in a perfectly competitive market the break even point of a firm is not determined by any marginal concept. The break even point is relevant in short run production. This point mainly refers to the point of shutting down of production. A firm in a perfectly competitive market will shut down or stop production in short run when its average variable costs become greater than it s average revenue, i.e. its average revenue even fail to cover the firm’s average variable costs. Thus the concept of average is important in taking shut down decision. 3. There has been a huge debate over the tax cut policy by bush administration in 2001 and 2003. Bush tax cuts mainly refer to two important tax policies created and implemented during the Presidential era of George W. Bush. Through these policies, the Bush administration mainly lowered tax rates in the United States. These tax policies effectively lowered marginal tax rates for almost all
Sunday, October 27, 2019
A Critical Analysis Of Patriarchy Sociology Essay
A Critical Analysis Of Patriarchy Sociology Essay In the article Patriarchy, the System, Allan Johnson defines patriarchy, and in doing so addresses the common misconceptions and stereotypes that people inaccurately identify with the term. He argues that people tend to generalize and attach the term patriarchy with men, and therefore come to the conclusion that all men are oppressive people. [1] Johnson recognizes a pattern in which women feel free to blame men for oppressing them and therefore men take it personally and become defensive. He argues that women will blame men for patriarchy simply because theyre men. [2] Johnson also considers the possibility that perhaps people are simply confused, that they cannot distinguish the difference between patriarchy as a system and the individual. He argues that people have to recognize this, and examine larger contexts, in order to solve social problems. Johnson suggests that race, gender and class oppression are not actually oppression, but rather the sum of individual failin gs. [3] Johnson argues that in order to solve social problems, these misconceptions must be cleared up. If were ever going to work toward real change, its a confusion well have to clear up. [4] Johnson effectively identifies common misconceptions about patriarchy, and convincingly argues that this ignorance and individualist perspective is contributing to problems within society. Allan Johnson goes on to argue that patriarchy is organized around relationships and shared understandings, and he argues that this can limit you to some degree. [5] Johnson provides an interesting perspective on how we participate in our social lives. He makes a very good point when he suggests that patriarchy can exist without men being portrayed as the villains. People tend to follow along with what society deems is the norm. This is significant; as it explains why individuals make the decisions that they do, in a larger social context. Johnson further analyzes what patriarchy really means, and explains that it is simply part of our culture, and the symbols and ideas within it. He argues that the make up of patriarchal culture is important to understand because it affects the structure of social life. [6] He discusses the possibility that culture enforces gender roles and power positions, therefore shaping and influencing our values. Allan Johnson goes on to say that everyone contributes to patriarchy, the system, whether theyre aware of it or not. We are all involved in patriarchy, but it does not necessarily mean that women are the victims, and men are the oppressors. He explains that who we think we are is closely related to who others think we should be and where we fit in social systems. He sums up his ideas by stating that all men and women are involved in patriarchy because we occupy social positions. [7] This further proves his point, that patriarchy cannot be constrained to individuals themselves, as patriarchy is beyond the individual experience. This article studies the concept of patriarchy as a framework. It provides a sociological perspective on social inequalities and attempts to explain why they exist. Johnson convincingly argues that people dont truly understand the origins of patriarchy. He has taken the term patriarchy and uses a sociological approach to uncover what it really is, a social construction or framework. He defines patriarchy in broader social terms and effectively proves that there may be oppressive individuals in society but patriarchy is not the result of all men being oppressive people, it is the result of individuals collectively possessing power. The sociological approach that Johnson uses helps to examine and analyze society as a whole, a structure in which everyone participates in and contributes to. This approach can help to explain why individuals act out certain behaviors in their own social lives. Perhaps people behave in such patriarchal ways because the system has influenced us in such ways. Maybe gender oppression has nothing to do with men being patriarchal, but more to do with how our society has been constructed and how our culture and our ideas about men and women have been shaped within it. Johnson helps us to use our sociological imagination to better understand the problems society currently faces. To conclude, Allan Johnsons article Patriarchy, the System can help us to analyze society in broader social terms in order to understand systems like patriarchy and our participation within these larger systems. Johnsons article helps us to use a sociological perspective to better understand the individual and why things like gender oppression occur. This article is useful, as Johnsons argument could be applied to other social contexts as well. This article allows us to further our knowledge of social constructions and how we participate in them, and therefore how we can change them to improve equality and eliminate the ideas present in our culture that limit us.
Friday, October 25, 2019
An Analytical Essay on Hamlet as Ghost Story, Detective Story and Revenge Story :: The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays
An Analytical Essay on Hamlet as Ghost Story, Detective Story and Revenge Story  William Shakespeare's play Hamlet, is a ghost story, a detective story and a revenge story all within one plot. Throughout the play, qualities of all three types of stories are displayed. The ghost story consists of Hamlet Senior and the circumstances surrounding his untimely demise at the hands of the present King, Claudius. He is being tortured in hell until his death is properly avenged. The detective aspect of Hamlet is brought about by Hamlet trying to figure out whether or not his fathers ghost was real and also to what, if any extent, his mother the "virtuous" Queen Gertrude was involved with the murder of his Father. Both Hamlet and Laertes, bring yet another aspect to this most versatile play, by seeking revenge for their fathers death, each in their own way. By viewing the play as either one or all of these different aspects we learn to have different perspectives on the play.                                                                    The story of Hamlet Senior's death is the ghost story aspect of the play. Hamlet Senior, the late king, was being tormented in hell throughout the daylight hours and during the night he was forced to walk the castle. He stated that he was "Doom'd for a certain term to walk the night, And for the day confin'd to fast in fires, Till the foul crimes done in my [being the late King's] days of nature Are burnt and purg'd away (50 lines 10-13). His release from this torture would not be permitted until his avenger is retaliated against by his son. Hamlet, Francisco and Bernardo all see the ghost of the late king, but the apparition will only speak to his son. The ghost brings an unnatural feel to the drama and leaves the reader/viewer wondering if it was real or all in Hamlet's mind.                                                            Hamlet is made to do some detective work in this melodrama. His first order of business was to figure out if the ghost of his father that he thought he saw, was in fact real and if it was, was it unfeigned or a demon. Then, he must decide if the ghost of his father was truthful about Claudius, his father's brother, Hamlet's uncle who was also the reigning King, committing fratricide against his father. To find evidence of Claudius' involvement, Hamlet uses the players, to bring about his uncles deep seated feelings hopefully lodged in his conscience.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Essay on Gun Control in America Essay
Research proposal on Gun Control in America Introduction            For my research paper, I would like to research and write on the issue of gun control in America more so after the recent shootings that have been witnessed in the country. Albeit there are large numbers of people who are opposed to the idea vehemently, my research will zero in on the fat that: gun control enforcement could be the solution that the country needs to curb the increasing crime rates and the shootings that have hit the country among the teenagers. By enforcing gun control, the country could possibly avert the crisis that is looming with regards to guns especially due to their easy accessibility since a person who needs to acquire a gun only needs a background check done by the NICS.            By controlling guns in the country, we will be creating a society that is free of crime in the streets as well as schools where our children, grand children and great grand children can live freely without any fear of being attacked or being exposed to gun related crime. There has been a recent surge in the number of crimes that are gun related in the country. Adults would also stand to benefit since they will not be victims of gun crimes in the street as well. Research undertaken by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms reveals that as of 2011, at least 34% of American adults owned a gun while at least 47% of adults in the country live in households with guns.            The only way to enforce gun control in the country would be to start with dealing with the underground gun market where even teenagers can access guns. Among other solutions that the research will deal with in depth include passing appropriate legislation with regards to gun ownership, use and carriage, regulation of funding allotted to gun manufacturing, legislation on the type of guns that the public can have access to. References Bruce, John M. and Clyde Wilcox. The changing politics of gun control. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998. Cochran, Laura. â€Å"Gun Ownership by State.†30 May 2006. Washington Post. 29 March 2013 . Cooper, Michael and Dalia Sussman. â€Å"Massacre at School Sways Public in Way Earlier Shootings Didn’t.†17 January 2013. New York Times. 29 March 2013 . Goss, Kristin A. Disarmed: the missing movement for gun control in America. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006. Hofstadter, Richard. â€Å"America as a Gun Culture.†American Heritage Magazine October 1970. Luo, Michael. â€Å"N.R.A. Stymies Firearms Research, Scientists Say.†25 January 2011. New York Times. 29 March 2013 . Sales, Leigh. â€Å"A look inside America’s gun culture.†17 April 2007. ABC News. 29 March 2013 . Spitzer, Robert J. The politics of gun control (2nn ed.). New York, N.Y.: Chatham House Publishers, 1998. Source document
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Education Relating to Minority Students Essay
Should an educator remain indifferent to the institutional bias that exists in our educational system? Should an educator address the academic needs of every student who comes under his or her care and make sure that equal opportunities for learning is given to all students irrespective of their status in society? Clause 6B-1. 006, in the Code of Ethics prescribed by the Principles of Professional Conduct for the Education Profession in Florida, states that an educator â€Å"shall not harass or discriminate against any student on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, age, national or ethnic origin, political beliefs, marital status, handicapping condition, sexual orientation, or social and family background and shall make reasonable effort to assure that each student is protected from harassment or discrimination. †But, is this being implemented and to what extent? During my years as an educator I have been deeply concerned with the issue of inadequately educating our minority students. This is a sensitive issue that has often been discussed, but not adequately addressed. Our education agencies, government, and parents have to understand that various remedies should be implemented to secure the future of minority students. 2. T-Think Through the Options Here are some actions that instructors can take to resolve ethical issues educational institutions. 1. The instructor could first give importance to the ethical issue of freedom of thought and expression to minority students. They should not have any biased opinion about such students and they should offer equal opportunities to all students. 2. The instructor can ensure that poverty doesn’t come in the way of students quitting education mid-way. Instructors are the ones who are constantly in touch with the students and they should be able to discern if a child were to quit studies because of lack of funds. They can guide such students appropriately. 3. The instructor should be sensitive to the issues related to minority children. Learning disabilities, if any, should be identified and resources to address such problems should be made sufficiently available to schools. They should equip themselves to cater to the diverse needs of diverse student populations. 4. The instructor should understand that the reason for low academic performance in minority students cannot merely be attributed to their families. The school, classroom, and instructional factors play a major role. They can act as coordinators and initiate programs that include the participation of community members and cultural organizations to bridge the gap that might exist between families and schools. 5. The instructor could involve the family members of the students in the overall development of the students. 3. H-Highlight the Stakeholders 1. Government: Both the federal and the state governments should take steps to strictly impose the bias test and No Child Left Behind Act. It can conduct awareness programs to educate people on stereotypes associated with minority students. 2. Educators: They must do a good job of teaching minority students about their own heritage through student-centered teaching models that encourage them to have pride in what and who they are. 3. Parents: They often face the brunt of struggling students. They can get involved in the decision-making process and in their own way can serve to inspire and encourage students. 4. Students: They are people affected by the decisions and actions of all the above. There is a possibility of students becoming dropouts. They need to make optimum use of resources available to them in pursuing their education. 4. I-Identify and Apply Relevant Ethical Principles As an educator, it often upsets me when I see children being moved up and released from high school with second and third grade reading skills. The red tape to get help is so long that some frustrated parents are forced to look outside the school system for help. Others are at a loss as to how to help children whom they know â€Å"can do it†if only they could get some help. As educators it is our moral duty to give them the opportunity no matter what race, gender, or ethnicity they belong to. We are responsible for making sure that students have strong educational programs and required resources. Lack of resources and poor teacher preparation largely account for the inadequate achievement of minority students. Clause 6B-1. 001 of Code of Ethics of the Education Profession in Florida states that â€Å"the educator’s primary professional concern will always be for the student and for the development of the student’s potential. The educator will therefore strive for professional growth and will seek to exercise the best professional judgment and integrity. †Immanuel Kant’s Theory echoes a similar view: â€Å"Do the right thing†(160). His theory emphasizes that ethical issues are based on the standards of rationality and that â€Å"ethics should begin with analysis, and that analysis is or should be an entirely a priori undertaking. †This theory will more so apply to educators since they deal with young and naive minds. They must be rational in their approach to students and they must not underestimate the intelligence of â€Å"minority†students. They must understand that there are certain basic skills every child must have if they are to achieve success in life. Clause 6B-1. 001 of Code of Ethics of the Education Profession in Florida states that â€Å"The educator values the worth and dignity of every person, the pursuit of truth, devotion to excellence, acquisition of knowledge, and the nurture of democratic citizenship. Essential to the achievement of these standards are the freedom to learn and to teach and the guarantee of equal opportunity for all. †Herbert Kohl argues that the objective of every classroom instructor and every school board in this nation should be to create a classroom environment that fosters a mutual respect from both student and the teacher. Kohl states that â€Å"looking at a child and understanding something of who she or he is or might become, is not a simple neutral act or a matter of finding the right objective test of experimental situation. Central to what you see in someone is what you are looking for. If you want to find a child’s weaknesses, failures, personal problems, or inadequacies, you’ll discover them. If you look at a child through the filter of his or her environment or economic status, and make judgments through the filter of your own culture, gender and racial biases, you’ll find the characteristics that you except. You’ll also find yourself well placed to reproduce failure, and develop resistance in some children, a false sense of superiority in others. On the other hand, if you look for strengths and filter the world through the prism of hope, you will see and encourage, the unexpected flowering of child life in the most unlikely places. (p. 89) As a citizen of this country I have come to understand that justice is something that many worry about. Be it for the reason of never having your side of the case judged or never having your side heard. Justice in education can only come when there is justice in the country. When Ronald Regan was running for President he made a statement: â€Å"Vote for me and I will turn the clock back forty years. †In a sense, this is what we need to do with our educational system. There was a time when students could learn drafting, auto mechanics, home economics, aeronautics, plumbing, painting, etc. This no longer exists today because someone in authority decided that it would be more beneficial for those in power if they abolished these programs from regular schools, have them in specialty schools, and charge for those services. More time is now spent on standardized tests. Florida has the FCAT test. Teachers understand that the students’ careers depend on a pass or fail result in the test; so, they are forced to teach to the test. This leads to the rule-utilitarian theory, which is the theory of morality. This theory does not look at the consequences of a particular act. Instead, it looks at the value of abiding by a particular rule to establish what is right. I believe that all minority students are not college material. However, they possess other special skills that need to be nurtured and we as educators need to support those talents and watch them grow. As per the rule-utilitarian theory educators can decide upon the best method of educational practice and defend it on utilitarian grounds. This theory propagates that educators can give complete recognition to individual rights and freedom of students since that takes precedence over utility. For example, the every student has an equal right to a particular facility in the school. To deprive a student of this facility based on his or her â€Å"minority†status will be unlawful. 5. CS –Choose the Wisest Option and State Your Justification Where do we begin to combat the issues toward minority students? One way to go forward will be to craft standardized tests that are as free as possible from cultural biases and from language that might be construed, because of its idiomatic feature and nuances, as favoring some students who have grown up familiar with those idioms over students who have not. Next is an equitable education system. Sometimes I am convinced that this country is not really interested in integration. I say this because I think our country wants to make sure that we will always have a segment of the population that is operating as second-class citizens. Anytime we have schools that are failing, underfunded, and populated by students of color, whether they are Hispanic or African-American, we know good and well that as adults, they’re not going to be amply equipped to accomplish and achieve the way others do, and they will remain in that second-class loop. It’s been a continuous process and we are led to wonder if it’s not somewhat purposeful. Third is racial stereotyping. Issues regarding race and ethnicity negatively affect â€Å"minority†student achievement. Just because a student’s name is Myeshia or Tyrone doesn’t mean they have no fluency in language. The last issue is money and culturally-sensitive teaching. The U. S. Department of Education has initiated teachers’ training programs to solve some of these issues. The Teacher Quality Enhancement Grants initiative consists of three separate programs: Partnership Grants for Improving Teacher Preparation, State Grants, and Teacher Recruitment Grants. Partnership Grants for Improving Teacher Preparation will provide funds to partnerships among teacher preparation institutions, schools of arts and sciences, and local school districts in high-need areas. The partners will work to strengthen teacher education through activities such as: implementing reforms that hold teacher education programs accountable, improving prospective teachers’ knowledge of academic content, ensuring that teachers are well-prepared for the realities of the classroom, and preparing prospective teachers to use technology and work effectively with diverse students. 6. Identifying Logical Fallacies A. Fallacy of Ignorance: Racial issues will not exist if the VP of AT&T is an African-American and the Secretary of State is Hispanic. B. Fallacy of Inconsistency If no child should be left behind, then why is the government closing schools to African-Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans? C. Fallacy of Hasty Generalization Lucy lives to the south of Chicago and does not pass the language test; Mike is from the Bronx and fails in the math test; therefore, people from low income areas cannot pass tests. On researching this topic in detail, the issues of the past still seem to haunt our current efforts to create a more equitable education and living system for all within the United States. The physical, mental, social, and economic hindrances encountered by minorities in the past are still being encountered on a higher level today. There is still the lack of understanding of minority student culture and poor teacher preparation in predominantly minority school districts. Herbert Kohn offers insight into overcoming the cultural barriers in our classrooms. The main solution he offers is that of educators becoming better trained to work with minority students, their families, and their communities. The U. S. Department of Education has begun to combat this problem with Title I and by instilling highly qualified teachers in our classrooms. However, until all students are on a level playing field, we will have a separate and unequal system that can only be overcome by seeing education as a human right, which only the Constitution of the United States can guarantee. References 1. Florida Department of Education, Office of Professional Practices, http://www. fldoe. org/edstandards/code_of_ethics. asp. 2. Kohn, Herbert R, I Won’t Learn from You: And Other Thought on Creative Maladjustment, 1994. 3. U. S. Department of Education, www. ed. gov.
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